Phytoremediation Prospects for Restoration of Contamination in the Natural Ecosystems

Toxic substances have a deleterious effect on biological systems if accrued in ecosystems beyond their acceptable limit. A natural ecosystem can become contaminated due to the excessive release of toxic by various anthropogenic and activities, which necessitates rehabilitation environmental contamination. Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly cost-efficient method biotechnological mitigation for remediation polluted revegetation sites. The information provided this review was collected utilizing sources research information, such as ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Scopus database other relevant resources. In paper, we discuss (i) organic inorganic contaminants; (ii) contamination adverse effects terrestrial aquatic life; (iii) approaches phytoremediation process, including phytoextraction, rhizoremediation, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, rhizofiltration, phytodegradation, phytodesalination phytohydraulics, underlying mechanisms; (iv) functions microbes plant enzymes biodegradation process potential applications; (v) advantages limitations technique. reported aimed adequately appraise efficacy treatment facilitate thorough understanding specific contaminants pathways. Detailed procedures regarding characteristics ideal plants, heavy metal contamination, rhizodegradation techniques, suitable species removal these are put forward further application. Scientists, planners policymakers should focus evaluating possible risk-free alternative techniques restore soil, air water bodies involving local inhabitants concerned stakeholders.